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Redistricting OVERVIEW
Redistricting One Man One Vote
Redistricting UNDER SIEGE
Redistricting HISTORY
Redistricting Present CHAOS
Redistricting CONCLUSION
TOOLS Definitions Plus
Gaffney v Cummings
Democracy vs Republic
Baker v Carr Harlan Dissent Excerpt
Gray v Sanders
Berger Govt by Judiciary
Philosopher Kings Reynolds v Sims
Baker v Carr Frankfurter Dissent Excerpt
EONS VOLITION
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Home Created:25-Feb-2022
A Sentinel for LIBERTY!
In Our LIBERTY under God!
Proclaiming LIBERTY for All!!!
In Our REPUBLIC!
REDISTRICTING:
OVERVIEW
All the evil arising from the '60s was spurred by decades of Progressive "Public Instruction," mind-programming of America's Youth, and, beginning in 1962, enabled and propelled by the Supreme Court's false interpretations of the Fourteenth Amendment! The linchpin of the scam was Chief Justice Earl Warren, leading SCOTUS into a 60-years-long, and counting, Big Con; subverting our Nation through federal mandates to States built-upon the Big Lie he called, "One Man, One Vote." He and his cronies on the Court, fabricated a campaign to decided cases deliberately argued draw and redraw electoral district lines,The resulting Shock Waves of Treason have changed the face of our Nation, by transforming the underpinning cultural landscape, via our electoral and political system.
"The Court's authority—possessed of neither the purse nor the sword—ultimately rests on sustained public confidence in its moral sanction." Justice Frankfurter, Baker v. Carr/Frankfurter Dissent Excerpt (1962). [This is a good place to start. After all, the brilliant Dissents written by Justice Harlan II, in the four, most-important landmark Redistricting cases, began with his Concurrence with Justice Frankfurter's Dissent, and his own, in Baker.]
ARE WE TRULY
"REPUBLICANS,"
Or,
"Party Members," indoctrinated to blindly accept what are actually democratic principles?
To begin to answer that question, you can start the next leg of your Redistricting Torchlight Tour by following the links in the Side Menu, here, to Excerpts from Baker v. Carr, Gray v. Sanders, and Reynolds v. Sims, and, above, to Justice Harlan's complete, in-depth, Dissenting Opinion against One Man, One Vote in Wesberry v. Sanders, revealing the most crucial propaganda lining the dire straits of Redistricting's "shark-infested waters!" It is an in-depth exposition of the U.S. Supreme Court's ASSAULT on our Republican Form of Government, via the great delusion of:
"One Man, One Vote"
&
"Equal Population District!"
Then, take a
CRASH COURSE:
Political Fundamentals
in a
PHOTON FLASH!
God-given Liberty
vs.
Human-created Philosophy and Political Theories
FOUNDATION: Democracy vs. Republic. Follow the link to see Founders' quotes in a historically-based analysis of these two Human-created Political Theories; "Democracy" is a Wolf in Sheep's Clothing seeking to devour us! The right kind of "Republic" can come closest to God-given Liberty in the "Real World." [The original work is unattributed, here.]
OUTLINE
I. The United States of America: Our American Republic is Unique in the History of Mankind.
A. We are united by a Constitution ordained, established and perpetuated by We the People; mortal men and women, as One Nation, under God, with Liberty and Justice for All.
1. Inherent in those words is our Liberty in Self-Governance, with certain powers and duties delegated to Limited Government, with every State Guaranteed "a Republican Form of Government" [Art.IV.Sec.4]
B. A cursory study shows that the term, "republic," translated from the Latin, res publica, meaning "public affair," has been applied to various forms of governance; from Plato's Philosopher-Kings, (#13)--in obvious affinity with the roots of tyrannical statism and collectivism [and, Philosopher-Kings/Reynolds v. Sims]--to our American Republic:
1. We the People are sovereign under God, protecting unalienable God-given Rights; achieved to varying degrees by We the People choosing Representatives who exercise delegated, limited, sovereign power shackled by the Rule of Law:
"Law comes from a higher source than the civil authorities. The “Rule of Law” prevails when the civil authorities obey that higher Law – be it God’s Law or our Constitution." Publius Huldah, Point 7.
II. The historical concept of a republican form of government is just one of the political theories arising from man's philosophy, many of which are contrasted with the Lesson of Liberty in The Holy Bible.
A. Our Liberty under God is separately distinct from ALL man-made political theories! which are rooted in tyranny of one form or another.
B. God's Liberty is NOT part of Man's political spectrum! It is "outside-the-box!"
C. All renderings of the political spectrum depict tyranny; from the tyranny of anarchy, to the tyranny of monarchy, to oligarchic tyranny and all manifestations in-between.
D. Human society comes down to the dichotomy of Liberty or Tyranny! And, anyone who interacts with others by infringing upon their Individual Rights* is a tyrant at heart, whether in personal relationships or as "public servants." *[Disclaimer: The link goes to quotes on Individual Rights, by Novelist/Philosopher, Ayn Rand. Although she proclaimed atheism, Rand was deeply influenced by her early Jewish upbringing, which is evident in much of her philosophy. But, I DO NOT agree with her views included on the linked page, claiming unborn babies have no Individual Rights!]
III. Like "democracy," "republic" has been used to name all manner of governments, including communist States, causing contradictions of terms that--together with the intentional dumbing-down and mind-programming of America--cause cognitive dissonance in the understanding of what our own American Republic actually represents!
A. That infamous dumbing-down over the past 160-years or-more has muddied the political waters so effectively that the Founders' clear understanding of the form of government they gave us is nearly lost in the effects of indoctrination smearing the distinction between "republic" and "democracy!" For a mostly concise comparison of the two concepts, supporting the Founders' unequivocal rejection of democracy and choice of the republican form of government they constructed with the Constitution, see the work also linked above:Democracy vs. Republic. And, recall Dr. Franklin's response to Mrs. Powel's query asking what form of government the Convention had given us:
"A republic, Madam; if you can keep it!"
1. The sobering reality I am encountering as I pursue my quest for Truth, is learning that the Founders' ideas about what constitutes a "right," what kind of right, and what does not, are foreign to my concepts! But, it seems their actual understanding was rooted in the traditions of England and other European Nations, with very precise categories for types of "rights."
a. The more Liberty-minded Americans adamantly stood their ground; insisting-on real protection of most of what we conceive as Individual Rights. But, they also knew that certain concepts were NOT Rights because they were devices used to manipulate societal units and violate actual Rights.
1. One such concept being a democratic, across-the-board, blanket, right to vote. Such a device is used to hoodwink the citizenry, dazzling them with meaningless terms, i.e. "One Man, One Vote," with "Equal Population Districts," promising, "every citizen achieving equal legislative representation." Sound "noble?" Maybe "fair?" Not possible; morally and ethically, they fit perfectly in statist/collectivist political theory. See above text & links under "Are We Truly Republicans," Home Page: One Man One Vote, Harris v. AZ IRC, and Evenwel v. Abbott.
2. For further exposition and history, see Berger's Government by Judiciary: The Transformation of the Fourteenth Amendment, And, Publius Huldah, regarding specifically, the question of, the "right to vote," quoted & linked, at Definition #6, TOOLS: "there is no right to vote" in the Constitution(!).
2. Given this fact, the Warren Court's false Fourteenth Amendment, "One Man, One Vote," and Equal Population District fabrication, is clearly a flimsy house of cards supported only by reinforcing the mind-programming of America!
B. The Tyrants working to destroy Our Liberty under God use the dissonance described above, to confuse and hoodwink Americans by entangling concepts of Our Freedom to Exercise God's Liberty, with "democratic" principles, while they impose such principles upon the Nation! The biggest, most pernicious of these impositions is SCOTUS-mandated "Redistricting" falsely disguised as "constitutional" requirements; as "they" actually work to transform our States and our Nation to an oligarchy of elites disguised as a contradiction of terms: democratic-republic!
~ ~ ~
PHOTON FLASH > TORCHLIGHT:
Why "Redistricting" Every 10 Years,
in our
"Representative Republic?"
"The reality is that districting inevitably has and is intended to have substantial political consequences. Gaffney v. Cummings (1973) [Select "Case" in the Headings to see the entire Majority Opinion, by Justice White. Section "III" is most revealing! Or, read just Gaffney v. Cummings/Section III, with my short comment.
The Gaffney SCOTUS Opinion exposes details of Redistricting's true nature, as it has been practiced for 60 years! The enemy uses it every ten years to tweak and manipulate voting populations to control elections and States, toward Transforming America even beyond Plato's Republic, with reverberating echoes of George Orwell's "1984," by using democratic methods imposed by Judicial Tyrants!
And, What's Wrong with
"Equal Population District?"
Understanding the answer is crucial to understanding what's wrong with our Representative Republic!
Think of the reason the Founders created the system we call the Electoral College; rather than directly electing the president and vice president by popular vote . . . and, why is it under sustained attack by those who are pushing-for demolishing it for a National Popular Vote? [Follow the link to in-depth analysis; scroll down to see all three articles.] The Presidential Elector system represents the primary duty of our Representative Republic:
To protect the small States from the Tyranny of the Majority found in the more populous cities and large States!
Because, WE are NOT a "democracy!"
God created Man as a being of volitional consciousness. This means, at life's basic level, each individual chooses to form primary premises from which he further chooses to govern his own life, forming moral standards to guide his every thought and action. These choices are made from the earliest perceptions of external stimuli, as a baby perceives the world and makes initial value judgments about every aspect of his life. [For a different kind of exposition of volitional consciousness, see an original poem: EONS : VOLITION.]
How his world unfolds around him provides the bits of information he uses to fuel the fires of his voracious intellectual appetite to perceive, understand and know the wonders of the new experiences occurring all around him! the wonders of HIS VERY OWN, ELASTIC UNIVERSE!
That is Life's Beginning for every human being! And, the details of any specific, individual human's Beginning are as varied as the number of individual humans ever born into this Greater Universe that the individual discovers is vastly larger than he at first comprehended . . . beyond the elastic limits of his primal conceptualization!
Volition plays a big part in any individual maintaining the voracious intensity of his intellectual appetite to KNOW all he can about the Universe God gave him for a Playground!
Or, choosing at some level, to reject the Unknown for the comfortable Known, to live from that point onward to death; content with the finite knowledge of his intellectual suicide.
The specifics of the primal choices each of us makes at our own Beginning are greatly influenced and shaped by other humans' choices in our lives. In the mix, as our experiences inform our intellect, we assign value to them and integrate that value into judgments. Value judgments form a substrate in our minds; underlying the non-material mind's thought formations, it acts as a permeable, membrane-like interface between the mind and the physical brain.
When a value judgment is triggered by a perception or other thought, it crosses the mind/brain interface; the physical brain signals the endocrine system to release hormones that complete an emotional feedback loop perceived and transmuted by the brain to the mind.
So, what does this have to do with democracy, "One Man, One Vote" and Equal Population District?
Humanity's enemies know that, if they can "short-circuit" an individual's thought formations with calculated illogic and irrational propaganda, they will confound the reasoning ability and supercharge the emotional feedback loop. Two categories of individual are programmed to differing degrees:
1. As an individual grows and learns, his mind organizes all inputted data into an integrated whole. Normally, everything melds to create his unique personality.
A. Given the tendency for greater numbers of these more-pervasively programmed, illogical individuals who have also chosen to reject the option to continue seeking to truly know their world--AND God's Spiritual Realm beyond the created Universe--to congregate in human warrens called cities, the more-populated areas are rife with citizens who are emotionally conditioned to vote for democracy.
2. If the programming was only partially effective, the individual could be caught on the Horns of a False Dilemma!
B. This partially programmed-state of mind leaves the individual subconsciously believing the One Man, One Vote mantra as a just and truthful concept representing fairness to All, regardless what some Men's Votes may do to destroy God's Liberty and Justice for All! This illogical mindset renders the individual strongly resistant to any claim that One Man, One Vote is NOT an unquestioned, unassailable axiom.
C. These individuals are effectively stuck in philosophical limbo; wanting to understand and know Truth, their programming has made it difficult for them to break-free beyond the false value-judgment dichotomy shackling their emotions and minds, to ferret-out the trigger thoughts that prevent their seeing the true absurdity of One Man, One Vote, and it's corollary claim to Equal Population Districts!
D. Loyal to the Cause for Liberty: By that very loyalty, they agree to demands for One Man, One Vote in Equal Population Districts. Thereby, voluntarily capitulating their right to demand equal protection against the Progressives who programmed them into slavery.
U.S. Senators not being elected from districts, nor allotted by population apportionment, is another big clue! U.S. Representatives are not elected by the whole populace, nor are State legislators. There is not even an approximation of Chief Justice Warren's fictional, democratic-like concept of One Man, One Vote in the entirety of our elective representation, at any level! Because, representation is a republican principle, NOT democratic!
IF these terms were politically, morally and dynamically desirable, it is impossible to apportion an entire State's populace into actual, numerically Equal-Population Districts, and pretend that Warren's created One Man, One Vote contrivance is a meaningful goal!
SCOTUS "allows" a 10% DEVIATION OR MORE, among districts, statewide, in order to accommodate all of the special interest and party machinations required to effect the political controls achieved by Redistricting!
So, there is NO justification in our Representative Republic, for Judicial Tyranny pretending to mandate that our representatives must be elected from approximated equal-population districts!
The dirty little secret is: THEY KNOW THE TRUTH!!! They are just following their playbook:
Set the Trap: Invert the Truth with lies to fool as many people as possible, for as long as possible! [I acknowledge: I was fooled, because I didn't take the time to explore the argument as far as needed.]
How Do We Fix the Problem?
The Problem can be eliminated if We the People take-up our Torchlights and invite others to bring their Tools, take a Tour of the Redistricting Lies, and expose the Right Way to apportion representation!
First, Escape the Trap!
[Left Center Right]
Hegelian Dialectic Trap:
Problem > Solution < Reaction, or,Thesis > Synthesis < Anti-thesis
Escape the Trap:
Problem > Eliminate the Problem > Fresh Start!
So, the Presidential Elector system DOES represent the primary duty of our Representative Republic:
To protect the small States--Minority--from the Tyranny of the Majority found in the more populous cities and large States!
Reduced from the macrocosm to the microcosm:
Protect the smaller populated areas of a State from the Tyranny of the Majority found in the more populous cities, dominated by greater numbers of citizens who have chosen to accept the lies of statist/collectivist political theories, and, if left unchecked, will vote themselves slop from the pig trough filled with the scraps tossed to them by the elites who have "redistributed" the property stolen by government Looters, from the Producers who created it. [3]
Protect the philosophical/political Minority, because,WE are NOT a "democracy!"
"At the core of Georgia's diffusion of voting strength which favors the small as against the large counties is the urban-rural problem, so familiar in the American political scene. In my dissent in Baker v. Carr, 369 U.S. at 369 U.S. 306, I expressed the view that a State might rationally conclude that its general welfare was best served by apportioning more seats in the legislature to agricultural communities than to urban centers, lest the legitimate interests of the former be submerged in the stronger electoral voice of the latter." [And, THAT is the point! THAT IS THE GOAL of the statist/collectivists represented by the Philosopher-Kings of the Court, led initially by Chief Justice Warren! to submerge the Individual Rights of the Political Minority in the greater numbers of the philosophically democratic tyrants. Itasca] Justice Harlan Dissent, (386), Gray v. Sanders/Harlan Dissent (1963).
This concept was well-understood and was applied to representation apportionment promoting the Republican Form of Government proclaimed by Dr. Franklin to Mrs. Powel, in some form, by most States.
Until the citizenry became sufficiently indoctrinated to allow the Warren Court to use incessant assaults against the Constitution to frame intentionally false interpretations of the Fourteenth Amendment, for the federal judiciary to commit a coup d'etat against US and our Republican Form of Government, in Baker v. Carr, and subsequent cases! [1]
Constitutional Scholar, Raoul Berger documented historical facts in "Government by Judiciary: The Transformation of the Fourteenth Amendment," 1977. There is much to learn in this 557-page book/.pdf, but, four quotes from the Past are exceptionally valuable to the Redistricting discussion; you can find them here: Berger Excerpts. The first is from 1853, it is a testimony that shows the republican concept of allotting more electoral influence to small towns that drove the engine of success common to American Liberty, as opposed to allotting representation proportional to the greater population of the larger cities, which were more prone to seeking the democratic goals of socialism that were gaining strong footholds among the city dwellers, even in 1853! The speech excerpt is partially reproduced here:
". . . As the practice of giving Massachusetts small towns disproportionate influence had sprung 'from custom and popular faith, silently operating with internal power, not from the imposed will of a lawgiver' . . . no radical change in the admittedly inequitable system [4] should be tried at present, but instead the rural towns should be given more representation so as to protect the Commonwealth against the 'commercial feudalism' of the big cities." Donald, Sumner I 246, quoting 3 Sumner, Works 229-258. Quoted in Berger, Govt by Judiciary, Note 13, p.94. See the full quote, and three more, here: Berger Excerpts.
CALL TO ACTION!
Eliminate the Problem
SO, the way to stop the destruction of our Representative Republic via Judicial Tyranny by the Philosopher-Kings of Plato's Republic and Orwell's 1984, is to return to principles that protect our Liberty-minded Minority, and the State-at-large from the Tyranny of the Majority:
1. We the People must stand against the Philosopher-King, Judicial Tyrants and All public servants who betray us--federal, State, or local--by refusing to comply with their unconstitutional mandates.
2. We the People must actively lobby our state legislators, executive officers to enact and enforce necessary constitutional legislation.
3. We the People and the state legislators must actively work to identify and declare null and void all provisions of the State Constitution and Arizona Revised Statutes that pervert our Organic and Statutory Law, e.g. nullify Prop 106, Arizona Independent Redistricting Commission; legislators resume performing their U.S. Constitution, Art.I.Secs.2 & 4 duties.
4. Our county sheriffs must refuse to comply with unlawful, unconstitutional mandates from any source, executive, legislative or judicial of any government. Conversely, they must enforce constitutional laws.
5. Our governors, and other executive department officers must refuse to comply with unlawful, unconstitutional mandates from any source, executive, legislative or judicial of any government. Conversely, they must faithfully perform their constitutional, lawful duties.
6. Our state legislators must repeal/refuse to enact, any unconstitutional legislation, in this instance, regarding our election processes. Conversely, they must enact any necessary legislation to codify constitutional election processes.
7. We must, through our state legislators, choose the best method of selecting U.S. Representatives that is least susceptible to manipulation by/for special interests of any kind, including considering statewide elections for all representatives allocated from the decennial Census.
A. If the chosen method is to continue the use of districts, consider requiring district-residency. [We the People have NOT prohibited such requirement in the U.S. Constitution! Art.I.Sec.4.Cl.1 does NOT provide for the Congress to alter such requirements, as it ONLY allows for alterations of "Times, Places and Manner of holding Elections for Senators and Representatives!" See Publius Huldah, Times, Places and Manner Clause]
8. We must, through our state legislators, choose the best method of selecting state legislators that is least susceptible to manipulation by/for special interests of any kind, with emphasis on using the county political subdivisions as the legislative district units. [The U.S. Constitution calling-for election of Representatives based-upon the Census-reported statewide population, does NOT apply to electing the state legislators!] With Progressive influence, this is the base method we used before that influence increased, as evidenced by AZ Constitution, Art.2.Sec.21, existing residency requirement for members of the state legislature:
2. Qualifications of members of legislature
Section 2. No person shall be a member of the Legislature unless he shall be a citizen of the United States at the time of his election, nor unless he shall be at least twenty-five years of age, and shall have been a resident of Arizona at least three years and of the county from which he is elected at least one year before his election.
This constitutional requirement is being ignored under Prop 106, and the AZ Independent Redistricting Commission!
SUMMARY:
"One Man, One Vote" & Equal Population Districts
are NOT republican principles!
They are weapons used to bring-down our Nation; one "district" and one State at a time!
Tyrants use them to dig traps to fool & catch Voters, subvert elections & destroy the Republic!
Intent & Effects of
REDISTRICTING
=
Electoral Upheaval Across America!
WHY?
Fed-mandated Districts are Crucialto the Enemy's "Democratic" Road toOligarchic Tyranny & Global Government!
Without the Court's mandated control over our electoral system via districting, the statist/collectivists could not continue to hold America Hostage to Tyranny.
To paraphrase President Andrew Jackson: The supreme court has made its decisions, now let it enforce them!
The Court has NO enforcement power!
Nevertheless, Tyrants are destroying our Liberty by artificially manipulating the Electorate in every voter's "Backyard!" They are forcing democratic principles upon us by requiring special interest-driven voting districts, effectively independent of the political subdivisions of the States [counties/parishes].
They dictate parameters for drawing these districts to benefit special interests and special groups, especially assuring two-party political competitiveness. The latter concept guarantees protection to both parties against encroachment upon their power strongholds by any other party upstarts.
Each party alternates in dominance over predetermined time periods, with Democrats wielding the underlying upperhand, as RINO "Republicans" insure failure in the agendas that are most meaningful to the shared end goals of party leadership.
It is a ploy that promotes the two parties pretending to oppose each other, while they perform a choreographed dance that takes them ever-closer to their actual common goal. The concept is counter-intuitive; why would anyone truly believe his political interests would be advanced by working together with those seeking to destroy his way of life by colluding to make the districts competitive for both parties?
Unless, his political interests are not what he claims!
It is no different than sports leagues insuring that teams remain balanced to keep the games competitive to hold the fans interest and keep the money rolling-in!
Manipulating the agreed-upon special interest groups within district lines that change every ten years makes it possible to control the outcome of elections.
The statist/collectivists, through the Philosopher-King Judicial Tyrants [Philosopher-Kings/Reynolds v. Sims and Philosopher-Kings, #13], coerce the States to follow their dictates by deconstructing and indoctrinating/mind-programming the citizenry to believe lies, particularly arising from deliberately false interpretations of the 14th Amendment by the Judiciary; "codified" by the Voting Rights Act of 1965, and its Amendments, and the National Voter Registration Act.
Why is this happening?
We have lost sight of the basic principles of our Constitutional, Representative, Republican Form of Government, guaranteed by Art.IV.Sec.4.
So, just what IS the principle called, "one man, one vote?" And, how does it relate to dictates for "equal-population" apportionment?
After nearly a century of attempts, in 1962, HISTORY, activist “justices” perverted and weaponized the 14th Amendment. The Supreme Court usurped power by all-out assault; dominoes fell, implanting democratic mob-rule in our political system.
The deceptive “one man, one vote” device created and entrenched in our Representative Apportionment jurisprudence by Chief Justice Warren, [1] from 1962 to 1964, culminating with Reynolds v. Sims [See Case links in the Side Menu of this page, and in the Horizontal Menu at Redistricting Wesberry v. Sanders One Man, One Vote], demands anti-republican, equal population districts disguised as democratic "one man, one vote" mandates [with Gray v. Sanders, the original phrase morphed from "one man" to "one person," and the two versions are used interchangeably. I choose to use the term as Warren coined it, where possible].
The Voting Rights Act of 1965, by Congress following the Court's lead, suppressed traditional representative apportionment; giving birth to mandated “majority-minority districts,” two-party “competitive districts,” and manipulating other special interests, all choreographed to the "weighting" and "dilution" tunes calculated to assure the prevailing Majority would always favor Tyranny; inverting government’s purpose by making the federal Judiciary a puppet master manipulating toys on unequal-length strings!
The blatant, intended and actual effect of "weighting" DOES insure the Rise of the Tyranny of the Majority!
In 1968, Warren was asked by a reporter which cases during his time on the Court were most important: "The series of rulings," [1] he said, "that created the constitutional idea of 'one person, one vote.' That is a basic theory of democratic representation: no individual’s vote may be weighted more heavily than any other’s. Election districts, for Congress and state legislatures, must be drawn as close to equal in population as can practically be done." [2]
The above statement reveals the foundation of the districting/redistricting agenda: [See Gaffney v. Cummings/Section III, on this site.]
1. He admits he created the constitutional idea of "one man, one vote," as it has been used to confuse and control the citizenry.
2. He modifies the legitimate political device of "representation" with the word, "democratic." By translation from the Greek, democracy means, "people rule." The philosophical meaning been clear for over two millenia: All the citizens of a Greek city-state vote on every issue. Modern attempts to modify the system as representative democracy are deliberate lies to obfuscate the truth and lead the ignorant and the mind-programmed to the Abyss of Enslavement.
3. His concept of vote weighting means the voters representing the favored special interest votes are grouped together in districts by careful calculations and "weighted" against the individual votes that effectively comprise the minority.
4. His requiring that the districts being drawn as close to equal in population as practical, is a means to pretend there are equal populations, when, by the Court's largesse, they are allowed 10%, or higher, deviations statewide; with actual calculated tolerances as required to effect the weighted Majority in each district. Thus insuring the chosen Majority ultimately prevails in each district.
NOTES:
[1] The seminal cases:
Full Case: Baker v. Carr. 4 Harlan Dissent, Scroll to 287, or: Baker v. Carr/Harlan Dissent Excerpt, Baker v. Carr/Frankfurter Dissent Excerpt,/strong>
Gray v. Sanders, or, on-site: Gray v. Sanders/Harlan Dissent
Wesberry v. Sanders, or, on-site: One Man One Vote/Wesberry v. Sanders
Reynolds v. Sims, or, on-site: Philosopher-Kings/Reynolds v. Sims
[Although, I find a few problems with Justice John Marshall Harlan II's interpretation of certain constitutional clauses, otherwise, his dissenting opinions in these, and other, cases are brilliant and accurate! [4]]
[2] There is no doubt that Warren fully-intended to subvert the constitutional foundation of our Representative Republic by supplanting it through "Redistricting" with the Changeling, "Democracy!" The basic premise of "democratic representation," is a contradiction of terms; democracy does NOT involve representation! Republic is defined by the concept of the people selecting representatives to conduct the business of government.
[3] Hat tip Ayn Rand, for the concept of the Producers vs. the Looters.
[4] In 1853, Sumner revealed a sympathetic tendency toward democratic statist/collectivist philosophy, while acknowledging the republican principle: no radical change in the admittedly inequitable system should be tried at present, but instead the rural towns should be given more representation so as to protect the Commonwealth against the 'commercial feudalism' of the big cities."
Continue to: Redistricting: Under Siege
LIBERTY is a State of Being!
LIBERTY begins in our own BACKYARD!
Itasca Small for Liberty!
